| , Battle: A Visual Journey through 5,000 years of combat, DK Publishing Inc | Southeastern Europe under Ottoman rule, 1354-1804, By Peter F |
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| Ottoman Literature: The Poets and Poetry of Turkey | Vaughn Carter: Ottoman Civil Officialdom: pp |
Lewis Bernard: The emergence of Modern Turkey: p24• An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, 1300—1914.
25| Goodwin, Jason: "Lords of the Horizons", Chapter 24: The Auspicious Event, 1998• London University Press, Oxford U | Norman Itzkowitz, Ottoman Empire and Islamic Tradition p |
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| , 2002 , 751; " Temur, a non-Chinggisid, tried to build a double legitimacy based on his role as both guardian and restorer of the Mongol Empire | Ismail Marcinkowski, page 69, 2003• 1453: The Holy War for Constantinople and the Clash of Islam and the West |
A nicely illustrated popular-style article in English with a bibliography• Norwich 1996 Byzantium: the Decline and Fall, Penguin, London p.
23| Norman Itzkowitz, Ottoman Empire and Islamic Tradition p | 7, Edited by Hugh Chisholm, 1911 , 3; Constantinople, the capital of the Turkish Empire |
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| League of Nations Treaty Series, vol | Persian historiography and geography, Bertold Spuler,M |
: Travels through the Morea, Albania, and several other parts of the Ottoman Empire, page 113-114, published 1806• Norman Itzkowitz, Ottoman Empire and Islamic Tradition p.
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